Pregnancy and subsequent childbirth can have dramatic consequences on a couple’s sex life. Although most couples look forward to having a baby, few comprehend the emotional and physical changes that the female will undergo or the potential impact that these changes will have on the relationship as the pregnancy progresses.
Emotionally, during the first trimester there may be an increased desire for sex, primarily since the issue of birth control no longer exists. The female may become conflicted about sex due to changes in how the female sees herself. During this time, the female begins to view herself in a more maternal light. Some women become preoccupied with sex and sexual dreams and fantasies may occur.
As these changes become more pronounced, physically, the woman’s breasts may become hyper-sensitive, causing increased pain or pleasure. Nausea and fatigue are common and can damper sexual desire. If a threat of miscarriage exists, the frequency of intercourse and orgasms may decrease. In this case, it may be felt that any form of sexual activity would be a threat to the child and no sex would be allowed. Also during this period, the female may feel that orgasms linger and cause feelings of genital tension.
During the second trimester, as the nausea begins to subside, many women begin to feel sexy with their new figures and the desire for sex increases. Men, on the other hand, can become afraid of hurting the baby or concerned that the child will have knowledge of what is occurring should the couple engage in sexual activity. This becomes more pronounced once the man has felt the baby move. Sometimes, the man may become jealous of the closeness the woman has with the baby.
Physically, the woman’s vagina becomes more lubricated and both the vagina and the clitoris are more engorged. Many women become multi-orgasmic for the first time in their lives during the second trimester because of this additional engorgement.
During the third trimester, many women begin to believe that their figures will never return to their pre-pregnancy form and that their partners are disgusted or repulsed by them. Increased fatigue makes the desire for sexual activity diminish.
When the desire and time for sex does occur, couple may find that the positions that they have used in the past no longer work well, if at all. Women should not lay on their backs, so side entry or woman on top positions are best. Spooning or rear entry positions are also recommended. During the third trimester, the uterus may have spasms lasting for up to one minute. However, these should not be mistaken for contractions. When nearing the due date, contractions may occur for up to half an hour after sex. Due to the increased engorgement of the vagina and clitoris, orgasm may not relieve the woman’s sexual tension. If the baby’s head is deep in the pelvis, shallow penetration should be practiced to minimize pain or spotting during or after sex. It should be pointed out that sex during this period will NOT induce preterm labor.
After childbirth, multiple issues will face the new parents beyond the fatigue that results from 2:00am feedings. During pregnancy, the woman has undergone dramatic changes hormonally, physically and emotionally. Afterward, it will take time for her body to heal and resume its normal rhythms and hormone levels.
Many physicians recommend that couples refrain from sexual activity for four to six weeks after delivery. This gives the body time to heal from injury to the perineum or surgical cuts to the vagina. In cases of Cesarean sections, the healing time may be greater. These types of delivery-related injuries can make intercourse painful. In some cases, women wait one year or longer to resume sexual activity. It is strongly advised to obtain clearance from your physician before attempting sexual activity.
Other issues that may be encountered are a general depression that occurs in many woman following delivery as well as a general decrease in body image. Vaginal dryness may develop due to hormonal changes and can last for about three months. These hormonal changes in addition to postnatal depression account for the woman’s loss of libido that can last for up to one year or longer. It is strongly suggested that couples consult a physician for assistance in overcoming these issues.
It is strongly suggested that women consult with their physicians during and after pregnancy and follow their suggestions. Doing this will greatly increase the probability of having an active sex life with their partner during pregnancy and resuming an active sex life as soon as possible after delivery.
In our next post, we will discuss Lack of Communication and Sexless Marriages.
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